Indoor
molds become a problem when they are visible, or when they vary compared to
outside air. Molds need water, a food source, and the right temperature and
environmental conditions to grow.
HVAC
systems are one of the most common contributors for water supply. HVAC systems
have piping, drain pans, all of which can be sources for mold growth and a
transportation device for dispersing mold spores all over the building.
As
mold spores move, they look for food sources, which are many within a building:
drywall, carpeting, cardboard, paper, fabric, wood, furnishings.
And
because indoor environments are designed to maintain relative temperatures
night and day, they are conducive to allowing mold to grow. Especially in those
dark storage areas that are left unchecked for long periods of time.
A
building manager’s best course of action is to control and eliminate indoor
moisture. While many attempt to introduce fungicides, biocides and cleaners
once mold appears, these chemicals can be damaging to the equipment, the
environment, and to personnel within the building throughout the day. If you
eliminate the potential for mold forming, you can eliminate all problematic
conditions that may arise because of it.
The
best place to start is to design and install a HVAC system with essential
components designed for high efficiency. From there, a proper maintenance plan
will keep your HVAC in good running condition, and help you stay abreast of any
problems developing over time.
Key
components that should be regularly maintained include:
Coils and drain pans –
cooling coils dehumidify air and cause condensation to drip into a drain pan
and exit the system via a seal trap. Drain pans must have the proper slope and
be cleaned frequently to avoid problems.
Humidification and
dehumidification equipment – these surfaces must be periodically drained
and treated to prevent wet surfaces from developing microbial growth.
Air filters – air
filters should always be clean and well maintained, fitting snugly into their
filter housing. Clean and replace on a regularly scheduled basis.
Ducts – ducts are
constantly in use. A small amount of dust is normal, but if it builds up it can
begin restricting airflow. Watch for areas subjected to moisture or
condensation, cleaning these on a more frequent basis.
Cooling towers –
monitor water quality and chemical treatment to prevent microbial growth.
Air intakes – pay
close attention to areas where outdoor air enters the HVAC system. Areas near
garbage dumpsters, boxes, paper, standing water, or fresh vegetation and
landscaping can contribute to increased likelihood of airborne spores.
A
properly designed and maintained HVAC system will go a long way in reducing or
preventing mold issues. As a manager, it’s important to have a system in place
that will allow you to prevent and remediate mold problems as quick as they
occur.
